>> As we know that the india uses 240 volt with 50 hz frequencies and american and western countries uses 110 v/120v with 60hz frequencies.In this article we learn about different countries voltage and its frequencies.
>> Lets go this topic starting from history of frequencies of different countries.
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>>Almost the whole of the world uses a frequency of 50Hz and a voltage of 220-240(higher voltages for better efficiency in transmission)The exception, where 60Hz is used (with a voltage of 110-120), is the Americas (North and South) and the Caribbean (and parts of Japan and Korea).
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HISTORY
-> When electricity was first introduced each producer provided a different voltage and frequency.
>>When DC was used in USA, Edison used three wires of +110V, 0V and -110V.
>> After that Nikola tesla was discovered ac system.
>>But, There was a campaign by Edison to portray AC as dangerous to human beings. After that 120V (110V) became the standard for AC distribution in USA permanently because it used the "safer" Voltage level of the DC system.
>> 230 V has lower distribution costs and thus was popularly taken up by Europe. India followed UK and thus India also use 240V (230V).
>>It's historical, standards evolved differently worldwide then settled to a few standards.
>>if we use 230v,50hz and 100kw. the current for this supply will be small when compared with 110v, 60hz.But the cable size for 110v,60hz is large due to insulation size.
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TABLE OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES & THERE FREQUENCIES
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MAIN REASON FOR DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES
>> Only there are three reasons
(1) All invention made in electricity
(2) Cost factor
(3) Temperature range
explain all reason given below.....
(1) All invention made in electricity
> Thomas alva edison was first person who invented bulb.his company 18 and 19 century provide 110 v supply for domestic use of bulb and provide 110 v dc supply for every home.
> at that time nikola tesala discovered ac system and 120 v ,60hz is better for arc bulb.
> For safer reason voltage kept 120v.
(2) Cost factor
-> we know all the transformer and all electrical machines having core component.
-> Core component having constant losses and iron losses.
-> In iron loss eddy current loss and hystresis loss are important loss.
-> this both losses is directly propotional to frequencies.
-> another reason is why eastern countries choosen the 50 hz frequencies ? as a same time consider a transmission line its distributed capacitance and inductance is lesser for lesser frequencies so losses is less.hence all eastern countries goal with 50hz.
-> after we also thinking about 50hz is better so why western coutries does not change 60 hz to 50 hz ? thats answer given below...
-> that is most important factor because they have trouble with that if they are going to change the frequencies they have also benefit but at a same time trouble with that because if they are going to change frequencies than they have to change all the equipment are made in there country and that is not possible by cost factor.
-> Hence american countries goes to 60hz.
(3) Temperature factor
-> Our worlds engineer are very genius in there field.
-> they think about the future and they are knowing about global warming is major problem for temperature rise in the world.
-> because of that they selected two various range of frequencies and we already discussed about losses is directly propotional to frequencies and we also know that losses is directly propotinal to temperature .
-> eastern countries condition,
-----if frequencies increase than temperature also rise and high losses occure.so that the eastern countries like india,china,pakistan,etc choose 50hz frequencies compare to american countries. and if temperature increase than insulation of machine and cables also increase.so overall cost also increase.so that india use 240v ,50hz.
-> western countries condition,
------ western countries is coolest countries.so that if we increase frequencies than temperature does not rise because all western countries are coolest.so temperature rise does not affect in losses.so that the western countries choose 120v,60hz
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> So this is main reason for different frequencies in the eastern and western countries.
>>> I hope you will understand this article and if u have any query pls write in comment box....
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>> Lets go this topic starting from history of frequencies of different countries.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>Almost the whole of the world uses a frequency of 50Hz and a voltage of 220-240(higher voltages for better efficiency in transmission)The exception, where 60Hz is used (with a voltage of 110-120), is the Americas (North and South) and the Caribbean (and parts of Japan and Korea).
---------------------------------------------------------
HISTORY
-> When electricity was first introduced each producer provided a different voltage and frequency.
>>When DC was used in USA, Edison used three wires of +110V, 0V and -110V.
>> After that Nikola tesla was discovered ac system.
>>But, There was a campaign by Edison to portray AC as dangerous to human beings. After that 120V (110V) became the standard for AC distribution in USA permanently because it used the "safer" Voltage level of the DC system.
>> 230 V has lower distribution costs and thus was popularly taken up by Europe. India followed UK and thus India also use 240V (230V).
>>It's historical, standards evolved differently worldwide then settled to a few standards.
>>if we use 230v,50hz and 100kw. the current for this supply will be small when compared with 110v, 60hz.But the cable size for 110v,60hz is large due to insulation size.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES & THERE FREQUENCIES
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| TABLE(COUNTRY -V-HZ) |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN REASON FOR DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES
>> Only there are three reasons
(1) All invention made in electricity
(2) Cost factor
(3) Temperature range
explain all reason given below.....
(1) All invention made in electricity
> Thomas alva edison was first person who invented bulb.his company 18 and 19 century provide 110 v supply for domestic use of bulb and provide 110 v dc supply for every home.
> at that time nikola tesala discovered ac system and 120 v ,60hz is better for arc bulb.
> For safer reason voltage kept 120v.
(2) Cost factor
-> we know all the transformer and all electrical machines having core component.
-> Core component having constant losses and iron losses.
-> In iron loss eddy current loss and hystresis loss are important loss.
-> this both losses is directly propotional to frequencies.
-> another reason is why eastern countries choosen the 50 hz frequencies ? as a same time consider a transmission line its distributed capacitance and inductance is lesser for lesser frequencies so losses is less.hence all eastern countries goal with 50hz.
-> after we also thinking about 50hz is better so why western coutries does not change 60 hz to 50 hz ? thats answer given below...
-> that is most important factor because they have trouble with that if they are going to change the frequencies they have also benefit but at a same time trouble with that because if they are going to change frequencies than they have to change all the equipment are made in there country and that is not possible by cost factor.
-> Hence american countries goes to 60hz.
(3) Temperature factor
-> Our worlds engineer are very genius in there field.
-> they think about the future and they are knowing about global warming is major problem for temperature rise in the world.
-> because of that they selected two various range of frequencies and we already discussed about losses is directly propotional to frequencies and we also know that losses is directly propotinal to temperature .
-> eastern countries condition,
-----if frequencies increase than temperature also rise and high losses occure.so that the eastern countries like india,china,pakistan,etc choose 50hz frequencies compare to american countries. and if temperature increase than insulation of machine and cables also increase.so overall cost also increase.so that india use 240v ,50hz.
-> western countries condition,
------ western countries is coolest countries.so that if we increase frequencies than temperature does not rise because all western countries are coolest.so temperature rise does not affect in losses.so that the western countries choose 120v,60hz
-> So this is main reason for different frequencies in the eastern and western countries.
>>> I hope you will understand this article and if u have any query pls write in comment box....
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